The spread of violent conflict not only affects people, but also companies located in such regions. Destruction of investments and infrastructure, collapse of markets and trade partnerships, flight and expulsion of employees are phenomena of conflicts and environment-induced crises that directly affect companies in unstable regions. Almost all branches of the economy thus have a clear interest in a stable and peaceful environment for their activities. Conversely, the business sector plays an important role in the interaction of economic growth, social development, and a healthy environment, all of which can advance peace and sustainable development. For this purpose, suitable and sustainable investments and responsible business management are vital. While the examination of the role of businesses in conflicts has predominantly highlighted controversial private sector behaviour, there are also increasing efforts to strengthen the potential of private sector actors in conflict prevention. In the past years, different transparency initiatives, self-regulating mechanisms, as well as partnerships between NGOs, governments, and private industry (PPPs) have emerged. They integrate the important driving force of the economy, private businesses, into existing governmental and non-governmental measures and contribute in this way to avoiding or mitigating conflicts.